“I belong to everybody and I belong to nobody.” President Muhammadu Buhari, Inauguration Speech, 2015.
On July 13, 2025, Nigeria lost one of its most defining political figures, Muhammadu Buhari, at the age of 82. His death in London marked the end of an era a man who, in two different lifetimes, ruled Africa’s most populous country both as a military head of state (1983–1985) and as a democratically elected president (2015–2023).
But who was Buhari? How did a quiet Fulani boy from Daura, Katsina State rise to become the symbol of anti-corruption, discipline, and polarizing politics in Nigeria?
Let’s take a deep dive into his life, legacy, and the footprints he left behind.
🧒 Early Life and Military Journey
Muhammadu Buhari was born on December 17, 1942, into a modest Fulani family in Daura, Northern Nigeria. The 23rd child of his father, Buhari’s upbringing was steeped in Islamic and cultural traditions.
He joined the Nigerian Military Training College in 1961 and later studied at the United States Army War College and Indian Defence Academy. His military brilliance became evident during the Nigerian Civil War and under various commands during the '70s.
Related Post: Timeline of Nigerian Military Heads of State Since Independence
⚔️ Military Rule: Buhari’s First Taste of Power
In December 1983, Buhari led a coup that ousted the democratically elected President Shehu Shagari, citing widespread corruption and economic collapse. At just 41 years old, Buhari imposed a no-nonsense military regime that became known for:
- The War Against Indiscipline (WAI) campaign
- Strict economic policies
- Mass arrests of corrupt politicians
- Cracking down on civil liberties and press freedom
However, his rigid rule was short-lived. He was overthrown in August 1985 by General Ibrahim Babangida and imprisoned for over 3 years.
🗳️ Return to Democracy: The 21st Century Buhari
After several failed presidential attempts (2003, 2007, 2011), Buhari stunned the world in 2015 by defeating incumbent President Goodluck Jonathan, becoming the first opposition candidate in Nigeria’s history to unseat a sitting president through the ballot box.
His democratic presidency was marked by:
- Anti-corruption crusades: Prosecution of several political figures.
- Boko Haram containment (with mixed results).
- Infrastructure revival: Roads, railways, and the second Niger Bridge.
- Economic recovery plans during the 2016 recession.
- Signing the Petroleum Industry Act after decades of delay.
👨👩👧 Family and Personal Life
Buhari was married to Aisha Buhari, a trained beauty therapist and public advocate. They had five children together, while Buhari had earlier children from his late first wife, Safinatu.
Notably, Aisha Buhari emerged as an outspoken First Lady, often criticizing government shortcomings, even within her husband’s administration a rare act in Nigerian politics.
Their children have pursued careers in law, politics, and the private sector.
🕊️ Final Days and Death
After stepping down in May 2023, Buhari relocated between Nigeria and the UK for health reasons. Rumors about his health had circulated for years, especially after multiple medical trips abroad during his presidency.
On July 13, 2025, Buhari passed away quietly in London, surrounded by family. Tributes poured in from world leaders, regional organizations, and both supporters and critics alike.
💬 Legacy: The Man, The Myth, The Mixed Feelings
To some, Buhari will always be the incorruptible soldier who tried to straighten Nigeria’s spine.
To others, he was a symbol of missed opportunities, an economic conservative who struggled to unify Nigeria’s diverse voices.
Regardless of opinion, Buhari was a political titan whose impact on Nigeria’s military, democratic, and cultural history is undeniable.
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📌 Quick Facts
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Muhammadu Buhari |
| Born | December 17, 1942 |
| Died | July 13, 2025 (age 82) |
| Hometown | Daura, Katsina State |
| Spouse | Aisha Buhari |
| Children | 8 (from two marriages) |
| Political Party | All Progressives Congress (APC) |
| Military Rank | Major General |
| Terms in Office | 1983–1985 (military), 2015–2023 |
🕯️ May his soul rest in peace. Buhari's legacy will be debated for decades, but his presence in Nigerian history remains indelible.